Precaution before starting construction

What instructions should be given to mazon or workers before starting construction?

1. Cleaning the site

 


2. To tell the work, what equipment and equipment should be provided to the mason.

3. Introducing materials and equipment.

4. Tell us about course aggregates,

5. Informing about fine aggregates.

6. Telling about brick.  (Soaking in water, bringing bricks to work, unloading sacks, telling when to give half a brick, the entire brick to his hands,

7. how to cut the blocks (cement brick) to the correct size so as not to waste.

8. to tell how long the bricks are soaked in water.

9. to specify what kind of sand, water, cement, and what kind of sand to build the wall.

10. Pick foundation stones properly and hand them to Mason.

11. to tell the foundation what kind of sand should be mixed with water and cement.

12. to inform Mason that the cement mixture falling in the workplace should be removed frequently and not wasted.

13. To specify the amount of cement mixing required for any job,

(How much shuffle you need per hour)

 14. Informing about the measurement of gels.  (12mm, 20mm, 40mm, chips, Dust etc)

 15. How to dispose of these in a sieve.

 16, PCC Concrete Mixing

 17. Instructing how to attach the soiling stones to the ground.

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ಸಹಾಯಕ ಮೇಸನ್‌ಗಳಿಗೆ ಬೋಧನೆ ಮಾಡುವ ವಿಷಯಗಳು:

1.  ಸೈಟ್ ಅನ್ನು ಸ್ವಚ್ಛಗೊಳಿಸುವುದು

2. ಯಾವ ಕೆಲಸಕ್ಕೆ ಯಾವ ಸಾಮಗ್ರಿ, ಸಲಕರಣೆಗಳನ್ನು ಮೇಸ್ತಿಗಳಿಗೆ ಒದಗಿಸಬೇಕೆಂದು ತಿಳಿಸುವುದು.

3. ಸಾಮಗ್ರಿ ಮತ್ತು ಸಲಕರಣೆಗಳನ್ನು ಪರಿಚಯಿಸುವುದು.

ಜೆಲ್ಲಿಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ತಿಳಿಸುವುದು,

5. ಮರಳಿನ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ತಿಳಿಸುವುದು.

6. ಇಟ್ಟಿಗೆ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ತಿಳಿಸುವುದು. (ನೀರಿನಲ್ಲಿ ನೆನೆಸುವುದು, ಇಟ್ಟಿಗೆಗಳು ಒಡೆಯದ ಹಾಗೆ ಕೆಲಸ ಮಾಡುವ ಸ್ಥಳಕ್ಕೆ ತರುವುದು, ಸಾರುವೆ ಮೇಲೆ ಜೋಡಿಸುವುದು, ಮೇಸ್ತಿ ಕೆಲಸ ಮಾಡುವಾಗ ಅರ್ಧ ಇಟ್ಟಿಗೆ, ಪೂರ್ತಿ ಇಟ್ಟಿಗೆ ಅವನ ಕೈಗೆ ಯಾವಾಗ ಕೊಡಬೇಕೆಂದು ತಿಳಿಸುವುದು, 

7, ಬ್ಲಾಕ್‌ಗಳನ್ನು (ಸಿಮೆಂಟ್ ಇಟ್ಟಿಗೆ) ವೇಸ್ಟ್ ಆಗದ ಹಾಗೆ ಸರಿಯಾದ ಅಳತೆಗೆ ಹೇಗೆ ಕತ್ತರಿಸಿ ಕೊಡಬೇಕೆಂದು ತಿಳಿಸುವುದು.

8, ಇಟ್ಟಿಗೆಗಳನ್ನು ಎಷ್ಟು ಸಮಯ ನೀರಿನಲ್ಲಿ ನೆನೆಸಬೇಕೆಂದು ತಿಳಿಸುವುದು.

9, ಗೋಡೆ ಕಟ್ಟಲು ಯಾವ ರೀತಿಯ ಮರಳನ್ನು ಯಾವ ಪ್ರಮಾಣದಲ್ಲಿ ನೀರು, ಸಿಮೆಂಟ್ ಹಾಕಿ, ಯಾವ ಹದಕ್ಕೆ ಕಲಸಬೇಕೆಂದು ತಿಳಿಸುವುದು.

10. ಫೌಂಡೇಶನ್ ಕಲ್ಲುಗಳನ್ನು ಸರಿಯಾಗಿ ಆರಿಸಿ ಮೇಸನ್ ಕೈಗೆ ಕೊಡುವುದು.

11, ಫೌಂಡೇಶನ್‌ಗೆ ಯಾವ ಹದಕ್ಕೆ ಯಾವ ರೀತಿಯ ಮರಳನ್ನು ನೀರು, ಸಿಮೆಂಟ್ ಯಾವ ಪ್ರಮಾಣದಲ್ಲಿ ಬೆರೆಸಬೇಕೆಂದುತಿಳಿಸುವುದು.

12, ಕೆಲಸ ಮಾಡುವ ಸ್ಥಳದಲ್ಲಿ ಬೀಳುವ ಸಿಮೆಂಟ್ ಮಿಶ್ರಣವನ್ನು ಆಗಾಗ ತೆಗೆದು ವೇಸ್ಟ್ ಆಗದ ಹಾಗೆ ಮೇಸನ್‌ಗೆ ಕೊಡಬೇಕೆಂದು ತಿಳಿಸುವುದು.

13. ಯಾವ ಕೆಲಸಕ್ಕೆ ಎಷ್ಟು ಸಿಮೆಂಟ್ ಮಿಶ್ರಣ ಬೇಕೊ ಅಷ್ಟೇ ಪ್ರಮಾಣದ ಸಿಮೆಂಟ್ ಕಲೆಸಬೇಕೆಂದು ತಿಳಿಸುವುದು,

(ಒಂದು ಗಂಟೆಗೆ ಎಷ್ಟು ಬೇಕೋ ಅಷ್ಟನ್ನೇ ಕಲೆಸಬೇಕು)

14. ಜೆಲ್ಲಗಳ ಅಳತೆ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ತಿಳಿಸುವುದು. (12 ಎಂಎಂ, 20 ಎಂಎಂ, 40 ಎಂಎಂ, ಚಿಪ್ಸ್, ಡಸ್ಟ್ ಮುಂತಾದವು)

15. ಇವುಗಳನ್ನು ಜರಡಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಹೇಗೆ ಬೇರ್ಪಡಿಸಬೇಕೆಂದು ತಿಳಿಸುವುದು.

16, ಪಿ.ಸಿ.ಸಿ ಕಾಂಕ್ರೀಟ್ ಮಿಶ್ರಣ ಮಾಡುವುದನ್ನು ತಿಳಿಸುವುದು,

17. ಸೋಲಿಂಗ್ ಕಲ್ಲುಗಳನ್ನು ನೆಲದಲ್ಲಿ ಹೇಗೆ ಜೋಡಿಸಬೇಕೆಂದು ತಿಳಿಸುವುದು.

Methods of measurement

Methods of measuring walls, columns, slab

• The walls are measured in cubic feet (C.F.T).Ex: If the wall measures 9 inches x 10 feet long x 10 feet high then multiply this 3 values

• Multiply. 10 'x 10' = 100 'x 0.75 = The wall measures a total of 75 cubic feet.

• If the wall is 6 inches wide, 10 feet long, and 10 feet high, it measures 10 'X 10' = 100'x0.50 = Wall measures a total of 50 cubic feet.

• Concrete measuring method: eg concrete is 10 feet wide, 10 feet long, 2 inches thick,

• 10'x 10' = 100' x 0. 16 = concrete measurement is a total of 16 cubic feet erbaa.

• This concrete measuring 10 'x 10' x 0.7"makes a total of 58 cubic feet. (10' x 10' = 100' X .58 then becomes 58 cubic feet).

• 10' x 10' x 6" This concrete measurement will be 50 cubic feet. (10 'x 10 = 100' X. 50 = 50 cubic feet.).

•  Method of measuring columns: When the height is 10 feet, the width is 6 inches, the length is 18 inches, we have to measure it, multiply it by inch, multiply it by feet, and divide by 144.

• The column measuring 10' x 6" x 18" makes a total of 1080. When divided by 144, the column measures 7.5 cubic feet.

• Method of measuring circular columns: Using a circular filler as shown in the figure, make a square and inside it, measure its radius. Then follow the 3.142 x r2XH formula. ".50 (6").

R2 x H = 3.14 x 0.50 x 0.50 x 10" = 7.85 cft. 

Measuring different shapes of site

How to Measure Different Shapes of Homes, Sites, and Roofs (In square meters & square feet)

1.

      You should take the width x length horizontal on the ground and other methods is horizontal x vertical     

Solution:

     ft   meter  ft  meter 

30 (9.14) x 40 (12)

= 1200 sq ft (111 sq meter)

This site totally measures 1200 sq ft, and and in 111 sq meter 

2. 

Solution: 

ft   meter  ft  meter 

40 (9.14) x 40 (12)

= 1600 sq ft (144 sq meter)

A site having measurement of 40x40:

This site totally measures 1600 sq ft. And in meters it is 144 square meters.

3.
      This measure was up to in the shapes of square and rectangular what to when the shape of a site is in circular areas

4.
     Calculation of circular site by the means of circular dia

 

5. 

     And to calculate right angle site

6.

     And to calculate isosceles triangle 

7. 

     To calculate parallelogram type of site

8. 

    The sits shown below can be calculated  by the formula  A+B and divide it by 2 later 

C+D later divide the answer by 2 next multiply the both answers you got for example:

                      30×40= 1200 

                    =  1200/2=600

                    1/2 x L x B
                   =1/2 x 20 × 10
                   = 100
                      100/2 = 50

 Multiply the both results
                   600×50=30,000 sq. Ft.

RAT TRAP BRIC WORK

WHAT IS RAT TRAP BRICKWORK 

 Rat trap bond is a brick masonry method of wall construction, in which bricks are placed in vertical position instead of conventional horizontal position and thus creating a cavity (hollow space) within the wall. Architect Laurie Baker introduced it in Kerala which is located in india in the 1970s and used it extensively for its lower construction cost, reduced material requirement and better thermal efficiency than conventional masonry wall, without compromising strength of the wall.

CONSTRUCTION BRICK WALL USING RAT TRAP BOND

The bricks are placed in vertical position, so that 110 
mm face is seen from front elevation, instead of the 75mm face (considering brick of standard size 230 X 110 X 75 mm). Since width of wall remains 230mm, an internal cavity is created. This is where approximately 30% Material (brick and mortar) is saved and thus overall construction cost is reduced. Cavity provides effective thermal and sound insulation. This makes rat trap bond energy and cost efficient building technology.

ADVANTAGES OF RAT TRAP BOND

Requires approximately 25% less bricks and 40% less mortar than traditional masonry.

Reduced material requirement results in considerable cost saving.

Strength of wall is not compromised, it remains same as traditional masonry wall.

Cavity induced in wall provides better thermal insulation, resulting in cooler interiors during summer and warmer interiors during winter.

All vertical and horizontal reinforced bands, lintels (for standard size openings), electrical conduits are hidden inside wall, resulting in better aesthetic appearance without plastering (exposed brickwork).

THING'S TO BE CONSIDERED WHEN YOUR USING RAT TRAP BOND

Bricks should be of good quality with consistent size and straight edges First layer (bottom) and last layer (top) of the wall should be solid (without cavity). Layer at sill and lintel levels of opening and sides of opening should be solid (without cavity) for fixing frames. Reinforcement bars can be put in vertical cavities at corners and around openings to improve earthquake resistance. Reinforcement bars can be put in horizontally to make lintels and to improve earthquake resistance. Electrical conduits and plumbing pipes, with prior planning, can be put inside cavity for better aesthetics.

Equipment required to start construction

SHOES

The sole of footwear should be with a pattern, casted of polyurethane (pu) combination of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or rubber Resistance to oil products, impermeable to water  and non-slip ( i.e., meeting the SRC class and marked with respective mark)
The pattern's of wareing surface of the sole should not be characterised by the risk of breaking
The pattern  in cross-section should be variably and of wider grooves

FALL PROTECTION ( SAFETY BELT) AND REFLECTIVE JACKET.

 

Capacity of safety belt should be 100 kg and size should be 2M. Anchor connector Hook type: scaffold hook, Harness connector hook type: screw lock carabineer 
Lanyard type: fixed, double legs, physical weight: 1.2 Kg (Approx), shock absorbing  type, polyester material.

HAND GLOVES